Soon afterward, Governor Nicolás de Ovando granted him an encomienda and appointed him as a notary of the town of Azua de Compostela. Fearing that Cuauhtémoc might head an insurrection in Mexico, he brought him with him to Honduras. The hotel was closed to make a commercial center, and the statue was put out of public display by Costco the builder of the commercial center.[50]. NOAA Hurricane Forecast Maps Are Often Misinterpreted — Here's How to Read Them. His route included the states of Veracruz, Tlaxcala, Puebla and Mexico. On July 1, 1520, Moctezuma was killed (the Spaniards claimed he was stoned to death by his own people; others claim he was murdered by the Spanish once they realized his inability to placate the locals). What Was Hernan Cortes' Expedition Route. Early lionizing of the conquistadores did not encourage deep examination of Cortés. “Hernán Cortés generates conversation on both sides of the Atlantic. Cortés initiated the construction of Mexico City, destroying Aztec temples and buildings and then rebuilding on the Aztec ruins what soon became the most important European city in the Americas. [14], In March 1519, Cortés formally claimed the land for the Spanish crown. The Dominican friar Bartolomé de Las Casas wrote his A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies which raises strong accusations of brutality and heinous violence towards the Indians; accusations against both the conquistadors in general and Cortés in particular. Hernán Cortés, like many who eventually became conquistadores in the Americas, was born in Medellín, in the Castilian province of Extremadura, the son of Martín Cortés de Monroy and Doña Catalina Pizarro Altamarino. In 1511, Cortés accompanied Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, an aide of the Governor of Hispaniola, in his expedition to conquer Cuba. La conquête du Mexique peut se décomposer en quatre phases… In 1519, he was elected captain of the third expedition to the mainland, which he partly funded. [25]:43 The specificity of the other two quadrants is linked directly to Mexico, with one quadrant showing three crowns representing the three Aztec emperors of the conquest era, Moctezuma, Cuitlahuac, and Cuauhtemoc[25]:43 and the other showing the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan. p. 75. Mexico City, Mexico, is built on the remains of that city. Thinking himself beyond reach of restraint, he disobeyed many of the orders of the Crown, and, what was more imprudent, said so in a letter to the emperor, dated October 15, 1524 (Ycazbalceta, "Documentos para la Historia de México", Mexico, 1858, I). The proclamation of the king says in part: We, respecting the many labors, dangers, and adventures which you underwent as stated above, and so that there might remain a perpetual memorial of you and your services and that you and your descendants might be more fully honored ... it is our will that besides your coat of arms of your lineage, which you have, you may have and bear as your coat of arms, known and recognized, a shield ...[25]:43, The grant specifies the iconography of the coat of arms, the central portion divided into quadrants. From 1521 to 1524, Cortés personally governed Mexico.[13]. Cortés made a request to the Spanish monarch to send Franciscan and Dominican friars to Mexico to convert the vast indigenous populations to Christianity. In 1518, Velázquez put Cortés in command of an expedition to explore and secure the interior of Mexico for colonization. Franciscan Geronimo de Mendieta claimed that Cortés's most important deed was the way he met this first group of Franciscans. Early life. In 1629, Don Pedro Cortés fourth "Marquez del Valle, his last male descendant, died, so the viceroy decided to move the bones of Cortés along with those of his descendant to the Franciscan church in México. In this 8-part podcast series, Cortés will search out – and conquer – the legendary city of Tenochtitlan – the capital of the mighty Aztec Empire. Cortes is most well-known as the Spanish conquistador that claimed Mexico for Spain between 1519 and 1520. Hernando Cortes © Cortés was a Spanish conquistador (soldier and explorer) who conquered the vast Aztec empire in central America. Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca[a] (/kɔːrˈtɛs/; Spanish: [eɾˈnaŋ koɾˈtez ðe monˈroj i piˈθaro altamiˈɾano]; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. We’ve been trying to do a series on Hernán Cortés for 30 years, there was just no way. Cortes was born Medellín, Extremadura province, in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain. He went to the University of Salamanca to study law but soon dropped out. After dropping out of university, he considered the military. The conqueror himself was said to have met the friars as they approached the capital, kneeling at the feet of the friars who had walked from the coast. Route of Cortes. Estrada sent Diego de Figueroa to the south. Don Martín's association with the so-called Encomenderos' Conspiracy endangered the entailed holdings, but they were restored and remained the continuing reward for Hernán Cortés's family through the generations. [15]:89, In July 1519, his men took over Veracruz. Hernán Cortés is a character in the opera La Conquista (2005) by Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero, which depicts the major episodes of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521. The Epic of Latin America. But also, much to the dismay of Cortés, four royal officials were appointed at the same time to assist him in his governing – in effect, submitting him to close observation and administration. [13] There he encountered Geronimo de Aguilar, a Spanish Franciscan priest who had survived a shipwreck followed by a period in captivity with the Maya, before escaping. Hernán Cortés was born in 1485 in Medellin. [13], On the way to Tenochtitlán, Cortés made alliances with indigenous peoples such as the Totonacs of Cempoala and the Nahuas of Tlaxcala. spanyol konkvisztádor, aki megdöntötte az Azték Birodalmat, létrehozta a mai Mexik ó elődjének számító Új-Spanyolország gyarmatot és annak első kormányzója volt. He became secretary for Governor Velázquez. After reasserting his position and reestablishing some sort of order, Cortés retired to his estates at Cuernavaca, about 30 miles (48 km) south of Mexico City. Mexico City, Mexico, is built on the remains of that city. ", Chamberlain, Robert S. "Two unpublished documents of Hernán Cortés and New Spain, 1519 and 1524. Hernán Cortés; Voir davantage sur l’utilisation globale de ce fichier. When the Governor of Cuba sent emissaries to arrest Cortés, he fought them and won, using the extra troops as reinforcements. For a short time, he served as alcalde (magistrate) of the second Spanish town founded on the island. In his fourth letter to the king, Cortés pleaded for friars rather than diocesan or secular priests because those clerics were in his view a serious danger to the Indians' conversion. Probably the best source is his letters to the king which he wrote during the campaign in Mexico, but they are written with the specific purpose of putting his efforts in a favourable light and so must be read critically. [25]:43 Below that is a "golden lion on a red field, in memory of the fact that you, the said Hernando Cortés, by your industry and effort brought matters to the state described above" (i.e., the conquest). Globale de ce fichier presented himself with great splendor before Charles V 's court main room of town... De Ovando, the Conquest more critical accounts of rivalry, jockeying for positions, mutiny, and the... ) in, p. 34 of J.H life, Cortés decided to return to Mexico Cortés. 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